Method of producing an alloy of titanium with lead.



f' To azzwhamama oacemn Be it known that I, AUGUSTE'J. Bossi, acitizen ofthe United States, and a resident manufacture.

. NITED fs A'rEs .rATENr oFFIo AUGUSTE J. or maGSaaA'FALLs,NEw YORK, Assrornoa TO. THE TITANIUM ALLOY; MANUFACTURING QOMPANY, 01E .NE W YORKQN. Y., A CO RPORATION OF-.

mama.

I Specificption of Letters Patent.

, mn'iuz'on or PRODUCING AN ALLoYoF- :nrmmnmwrrn LEAD.

Patented A r. 9, 1912.

I No IIJrawingxf Original application filed January 6, 1911, Serial No. 601,167. Divided and this application filed January 30,1912. Serial No. 674,258.

of Niagara-Falls, in thetcounty of Niagara and State of-New York, have .invented a certain new and useful -Method of Producing an Alloy of'Titanium with Lead, of which the following is a specification.

present application is a divsion of my 10 pending application, Serial Number 601,167,

filed January 6, 1911. 4 The objects of my present invention comprise the productio'n 'ofa binary alloy of titanium with lead and provision of methods, for producing it, so simple and reliable in operation and so economical as to justify manufacture thereof on industrial scales. I attain these objects as hereinafter described.

. Ihave discovered that the .said binary alloyof titanium with lead is exceptionally useful for the purpose of purifying lead in mass as heretofore produced in the usual processes of absorbs gaseous elements or compounds,

which are dissolved in the .metal and retained therein as it solidifies during cooling.

For instance oxygen from theatmospheie 1s thus absorbed and, to a great extent, com-- bines chemically with the lead, forming several different oxids thereof, which,together with oxygen if any remaining uncombined other substances orv compounds, foreign to lead, resulting from themethods of manufacture, asfor instance residual drosses or slags and sometimes sulfids, etc., which,

owing to their comparative infusibility and p 40 lack. of fluidity, are unable to rise out of the molten metal and consequently may, to

Lead, while in molten state,

continuity of the mass, thus diminishing7'its efficlency for 1ndustr1al uses as for instance particularly in pipes and the like, in which cut lead shall be continuous and impervious. I have discovered 'that the said. undesirable impurities can iall-of them be eliminated om thereto of metallic titanium in amount protherefor of such undesired elements and imparted by increasing such amount so as to operations on an industrial'scale or at all events unattainable except at prohibitory cost. properties .of titanium, as compared with those of lead, cause it. to less well and readily incorporate therewith when added thereto the form of an alloy thereof with lead. My novel alloy of titanium and lead is therefore of particular importance and utility for the purpose of purifying lead as aforesaid, as well as for other uses. I

I prefer to produce my said alloy of titanium and lead as follows. I first charge ,beingmelted to forma small supporting or initiatory bath of that metal. To such lead titanic acid mixed therewith in such proportions as, on reduction, taken together with the lead of the'ba'th, to impart to the resulting alloy thedesired respective proportions of thetwo metals. To thefsaid lead and it is obviously important that "the constitu-.

the molten lead mass by addition portioned to satisfy the. chemical affinities retain in the resulting product'a small proportion, less than one per cent. of titanium. Segregated titanium however is still I be lieve unattainable in quantities sufficient forby itself alone than when-added thereto in into a graphite crucible, or other containerproperly adapted, some lead sufficient on I add litharge or other oxid of lead and also their compounds, and desirable properties Moreover the peculiar characteristic i greater or less extent, remain entangled therein: after its solidification.

{ pounds are usually unhomogeneously dismixture of oxids I also add such an amountof aluminum (preferably in shots or the like so as to melt more rapidly) as is chemically The. aforesaid foreign elements and com suflicient todecompose the oxids of lead and tributed in uncontrollable locations throughout the'mass of themetahthus producing blow wholes or other cavities devold of of titanium and reduce their respective titanium and lead contents to their metallic states. This mixture is then heated by any which, when the metal is-drawn, as for inlead and often charged with impurities convenient means to a point atwhloh the aluminum melts, thereby supplying a bath of molten aluminumto the charge. The additional heat developed by the reduction of the oxid of lead by the aluminum rapidly stance'into pipes, result inincorporated lay-v ers of foreign substances which proportionately and undesirably impair the metallic raises the charge to a temperature required to set up the reduction of the oxid of titanium by the aluminum, which then proceeds until the reduction of all the oxids present is completed. Care should be taken at this I prefer to employ the foregoing method largely because of itseconomy, the cost of' the oxid requisite to produce the required amount of lead being considerably less than that of such amount of lead'in metallic form, and also because the heat of formation of oxid of lead is so small compared to that of the formation of aluminum oxid as to leave a large surplus of heat immediately applicable to the reduction of the oxid of titanium whereby the reactions are promoted and accomplished at a considerably less expenditure of external heat than required Where lead altogether is alone employed in the charge. It will be understood, however, that 'the said alloy may be produced, though not so advantageously, by

. substantially the process above referred to by using as the plumbic material in the process above referred to metallic lead exclusively, or, on the other hand, by using as, such pluinbic material oxid of lead exclusively. The molten product on being withdrawn and cooled will be found to bean alloy of titanium and lead, the percentage of the former being proportional to the amounts of titanium oxid and aluminum charged. My s'aid alloy of titanium and lead may also, though not so advantageously, be produced by substituting carbon for aluminum as thereducing agent, in which case it is essential in industrial practice, to employ such high temperatures as are derivable from some of the now well known forms of electric furnaces, such for example as illustrated and described in Letters 'Patent' N 0. 802,941, granted to me'October 24, 1905.

In this case, oxid of lead, oxid of titanium,

and carbon are employed as .per the formula:.

and it will of course be understood thatthe alloy may be thus produced by using as the only plumbic material of the charge metallic lead.

The proportions of the ingredients used in the charge will be varied according to the percentage of the respective metals deslred the alloy according to the formulas above given and as experience and test in each case 'will readily demonstrate to those skilled in the metallurgical art is required for the particular purpose for which the alloy is to be used.

1. The method of producing an alloy of titanium with lead which comprises bringing together plumbic material, titanic acid and carbon, and subjecting the combination to a temperature sufficient to insure produc- What I- claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is the fo1lowing,-v1z

tion therefromof molten lead and molten titanium.

2. The method ofproducing an alloy of titanium with lead which comprises bringing together oxid of lead, oxid of titanium and carbon, and subjecting the combination to a temperature sutficient to insure reduction of said oxids by said carbonand then withdrawing and cooling the resulting metallic product.

' AUGUSTE J. ROSSI. Witnessesz WALTER D. EDmoNDs, PHILIP C. PEGK.. 

